Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) materials fabricated with titanium nodes have emerged as promising catalysts for a diverse range of applications. These materials exhibit exceptional chemical properties, including high porosity, tunable band gaps, and good durability. The remarkable combination of these characteristics makes titanium-based MOFs high

Nanoparticles possess unique optical properties that have sparked widespread interest in their application for diverse technological fields. Upconversion nanoparticles (UCNPs), a particular class of nanomaterials, exhibit the remarkable ability to convert near-infrared light into visible light. This phenomenon has unlocked vast possibilities in bio